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GCLs are indeed hydraulic barrier layers to liquid movement and, as such, are competitive wherever geomembranes and compacted clay liners are used.
However, GCLs have found uniqueness in the following applications in their own right.
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Beneath a geomembrane in the primary liner of a landfill |
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Beneath a geomembrane in the secondary liner of a landfill |
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Beneath a geomembrane in the cover of a landfill |
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Above geomembranes as puncture protection against coarse gravel |
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As a portion of a compacted clay liner in primary composite liners |
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As a portion of a compacted clay liner in secondary composite liners |
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As secondary liners for underground storage tanks |
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As single liners for surface impoundments |
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Beneath a geomembrane as a composite liner for surface impoundments |
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Beneath a geomembrane as a composite liner for heap leach ponds |
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As single liners for canals |
